Phakathi nokuhlelwa kabusha kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezimboni ze-aluminium emhlabeni wonke, iGuinea isiyitholile ngokugcwele indlela ebalulekile embonini ye-aluminium emhlabeni wonke.
Igcwele amathani ayizigidigidi eziyi-7.4 e-bauxite angasetshenziswa, i-ore ye-premium ene-silicon ephansi kanye ne-alumina ephezulu enokuqukethwe kwe-alumina okungu-45%-62%, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo zokungcwaba okungajulile kanye nokumba okulula emigodini evulekile, iGuinea ibusa ngaphezu kwama-70% emakethe yokuhweba ye-bauxite yomhlaba wonke. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi ama-74% e-bauxite angeniswa eShayina avela eGuinea, okwenza kube yinsika eyinhloko yokuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa embonini ye-aluminium yaseShayina.
Ngokuqaliswa okugcwele koHlelo Lukazwelonke lwaseGuinea iSimandou 2040, isamba sokutshalwa kwezimali eminyakeni eyi-15 sifinyelela kumadola aseMelika ayizigidigidi ezingama-200, kanti isigaba sokuqala (2025-2030) sifinyelele kumadola aseMelika ayizigidigidi ezingama-65, okushintsha ngokuphelele umqondo wentuthuko yezimboni zasendaweni.
Uhulumeni waseGuinea ukhuthaze ngamandla izinqubomgomo ezintsha zobuzwe zezinsizakusebenza. Ngokubuyisa amalungelo okumba angasebenzi, ukulawula umkhiqizo ukuze kuqiniswe amanani, kanye nokuphoqelela ukucutshungulwa kwendawo, uvimbela ngokusobala ukuthunyelwa kwe-ore engahluziwe kalula, okuphoqa i-bauxite ukuthi icutshungulwe endaweni ibe yi-alumina, i-aluminium ye-electrolytic kanye ne-aluminium ingots.
Amabhizinisi ahamba phambili aseShayina afaka phakathi i-Aluminium Corporation of China (CHINALCO), i-SMB Winning Consortium kanye ne-SPIC athathe izintambo ekuhleleni, ethula amaphrojekthi e-alumina akhiqizwa minyaka yonke angamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.2 ngokulandelana, futhi aqala ukwenziwa kwendawo yonke yezimboni ze-"bauxite — alumina — electrolytic aluminum — aluminium ingot". IGuinea ishintsha ngokushesha isuka ekuthumeleni i-ore eyodwa iye esisekelweni esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza i-aluminium e-Afrika.
Ngokombono wokuguqulwa kwezimboni, uma i-bauxite isincibilikisiwe ibe yi-alumina, ukufaka wonke amandla ekukhiqizweni kwe-aluminium ye-electrolytic kuzokwakha isikali esikhulu sezimboni.
Ngokwezibalo zezezimboni, amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.2 e-alumina angakhiqiza cishe amathani angu-635,300 e-aluminium e-electrolytic. Ngemva kokususa ukulahlekelwa yi-electrolysis yezimboni kanye nokulahlekelwa ukushiswa kwe-cast, umkhiqizo wangempela ozinzile wama-ingot e-aluminium ufinyelela amathani angu-610,000 kuya ku-615,000.
Umugqa wokukhiqiza i-aluminium ingot okhiqiza amathani angu-600,000 ngonyaka udinga ukudla amathani angaba ngu-300,000 ama-anode abhakiwe kusengaphambili kanye namathani angu-15,000 amabhulokhi e-cathode carbon minyaka yonke. Njengengxenye eyinhloko esetshenziswayo neyisihluthulelo sokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium ye-electrolytic, amandla okuhlinzeka kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yama-anode abhakiwe kusengaphambili kunquma ngqo ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kwamaphrojekthi e-aluminium ye-electrolytic yendawo eGuinea.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ama-anode abhakiwe kusengaphambili, uhlelo lokuxova nokwakha olufudumezayo luyithuluzi elibalulekile elibalulekile, elihlanganisa yonke inqubo yokulinganisa izinto ezomile, ukuxova izinga lokushisa elingaguquki, ukuguqulwa kokunamathisela kanye nokwakheka kokudlidliza.
Isebenza kakhulu ukuxuba ama-carbon aggregates afana ne-petroleum coke kanye ne-pitch coke ne-pitch binder, ukuqedela ukugunda, ukuxova kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokungena ngaphansi kokulawulwa kokushisa okunembile ukuze kwakheke i-homogeneous plastic paste, eyakhiwa ngokunembile ibe amabhlogo e-anode ajwayelekile.
Ukunemba kwenqubo yokuxova nokwakha kuthinta ngqo ubuningi bezinto, ukuhanjiswa kukagesi kanye namandla okusebenza kwama-anode, futhi kuthinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle kwamanje kanye nezinga lokufaneleka komkhiqizo wokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium ye-electrolytic, okusebenza njengesiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kahle nangokuphansi kwemigqa yokukhiqiza i-aluminium ye-electrolytic.
Njengamanje, iGuinea ibhekene nokushiyeka okuphawulekayo ezindaweni zokusekela imboni yayo ye-aluminium yendawo. Ngenkathi amandla e-aluminium e-alumina ne-electrolytic esetshenziswa ngesivinini esikhulu, amandla okusekela afana nama-anode abhakiwe ngaphambilini kanye nama-cathode carbon blocks awanele kangako, kanti imikhakha yokusekela uchungechunge lwezimboni okuhlanganisa izinto ezivimbela ukugqwala, imishini ye-caustic soda kanye ne-carbon forming cishe ayinalutho.
Ngokusayinwa nokuqaliswa okusemthethweni kwephrojekthi ye-alumina ye-CHINALCO engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.2, kanye nokwakhiwa okusheshayo kwamaphrojekthi e-alumina e-SMB kanye ne-SPIC, inani elikhulu lemigqa yokukhiqiza i-aluminium ye-electrolytic izoqaliswa ngamandla, okuletha isidingo esikhulu sezinhlelo zokusebenza okuphezulu kanye nezinkulu zokuxova nokwakha.
Njengoba ihloselwe izidingo zentuthuko zemboni ye-aluminium yasendaweni yaseGuinea, uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lokuxova nokwakha ukushisa lunezinzuzo eziningi eziyinhloko njengokuzivumelanisa nomthamo omkhulu, ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, ikhwalithi ezinzile kanye nokuhambisana nokusebenza nokugcinwa kwasendaweni kwaphesheya.
I-HWAPENGUhlelo Lokushisa Nokuxova Olusebenza KakhulufuthiUhlelo Lokwakha I-HP-EVC800 Extrusion VibrocompactorUkwamukela ubuchwepheshe bokulawula izinga lokushisa obunembile ngephutha lokulinganisa izinga lokushisa elilawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-±2℃, imishini ingakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzinzile kokushisa kwangaphambili kwezinto ezomile, ukuxova ngamandla aphezulu kanye nokwakha ukupholisa;
Kungakhuphula ngempumelelo izinga lomkhiqizo oqediwe we-anode ngo-2%-5%, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwephimbo ngaphezu kuka-2%, kukhuphule ubuningi obubunjiwe ngamayunithi angu-0.02, futhi kunciphise kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-electrolysis kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.
Okwamanje, umklamo we-modular uvumelana nokufakwa nokuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi isakhiwo esivaliwe sivimbela ukuvuza kothuli kanye nentuthu ye-pitch, sihambisana nemithethonqubo yokuvikela imvelo yaseGuinea futhi sihlangabezana kahle nesidingo esisekelayo samabhulokhi e-anode carbon emigqa yokukhiqiza i-aluminium ingot enomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wamathani angu-600,000 nangaphezulu.
Uma sibheka phambili, siqhutshwa yizinqubomgomo zaseGuinea kanye nokuhlelwa okugcwele kweketanga lezimboni zamabhizinisi aseShayina, ukucutshungulwa okujulile kwendawo kwe-bauxite sekuyinto engenakwenzeka, futhi amandla e-aluminium e-electrolytic kanye ne-aluminium ingots azoqhubeka nokukhula.
Njengemishini eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kwe-anode ebhakiwe kusengaphambili, uhlelo lokuxova nokwakha ngaphambi kokushisa luzogcwalisa igebe elisekelayo lemboni ye-aluminium yaseGuinea, lube yindawo ebalulekile yokungena ekuhleleni ithrekhi yemboni ye-aluminium yase-Afrika futhi lwabelane ngezabelo zokucubungula okwenziwe endaweni, futhi lusize amabhizinisi aseShayina ukuthuthukisa umjikelezo ovaliwe wochungechunge lonke lwezimboni "lwezinsiza + ingqalasizinda + ukucubungula + izikhungo ezisekelayo", luqhubeka nokuhlola imakethe yolwandle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yemboni ye-aluminium eGuinea.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-25-2026